hsg85.pdf

(362 KB) Pobierz
Health and Safety
Executive
Electricity at work
Safe working practices
The guidance covers the key elements to consider when devising safe working
practices and is for people who carry out work on or near electrical equipment.
It includes advice for managers and supervisors who control or influence the
design, specification, selection, installation, commissioning, maintenance or
operation of electrical equipment.
This third edition updates the guidance and provides sources of further information.
HSG85 (Third edition)
Published 2013
HSE Books
Page 1 of 33
Health and Safety
Executive
© Crown copyright 2013
First published 2013
ISBN 978 0 7176 6581 5
You may reuse this information (not including logos) free of charge in any format or
medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence. To view the licence
visit www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/, write to the
Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU, or email
psi@nationalarchives.gsi.gov.uk.
Some images and illustrations may not be owned by the Crown so cannot be
reproduced without permission of the copyright owner. Enquiries should
be sent to copyright@hse.gsi.gov.uk.
This guidance is issued by the Health and Safety Executive. Following the guidance
is not compulsory, unless specifically stated, and you are free to take other action.
But if you do follow the guidance you will normally be doing enough to comply with
the law. Health and safety inspectors seek to secure compliance with the law and
may refer to this guidance.
Electricity at work: Safe working practices
Page 2 of 33
Health and Safety
Executive
Contents
Introduction
4
Definitions
4
What are the hazards?
6
Correct selection and use of equipment
7
Actions for managers and supervisors
9
Assessing safe working practices
11
Deciding whether to work dead or live
12
Can the normal policy of dead working be carried out?
12
Is it unreasonable for the work to be done dead?
12
Identify, assess and evaluate the risks and methods for controlling them
12
Decide whether it is reasonable to work live
14
Decide whether suitable precautions can be taken to prevent injury
14
Actions common to both dead and live working
16
Identify the circuit or equipment to be worked on or near and the work that needs
to be done
17
Plan the work
17
Specify level of supervision and whether accompaniment is necessary
17
Select and instruct competent workers
18
Ensure correct working methods
18
Provide and ensure use of appropriate protective equipment
18
Provide information, tools and instruments and ensure workers are fully
instructed
18
Make arrangements for management checks and supervision of work
19
Working dead
20
Identification
21
Disconnection
21
Secure isolation
21
Post notices
21
Proving dead
22
Earthing
22
Adjacent parts
22
Additional procedures
23
Extra precautions for high-voltage work
23
Electrical permits-to-work
24
Working live
27
Appendix: Typical example of an electrical permit-to-work
28
References
30
Further reading
32
Further information
33
Electricity at work: Safe working practices
Page 3 of 33
Health and Safety
Executive
Introduction
1 This guidance is for people, including the self-employed, who carry out work on
or near electrical equipment. It includes advice on safe working practices for
managers and supervisors who control or influence the design, specification,
selection, installation, commissioning, maintenance or operation of electrical
equipment. Organisations that already have industry-specific rules or guidance for
safe working practices should ensure that all aspects addressed in this guidance
are adequately covered. Those that have no such internal rules should use this
guidance to devise safe working practices relating to their own specific
circumstances and activities.
2 The Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 (EAW Regulations) apply to almost all
places of work. The
Memorandum of guidance on the Electricity at Work
Regulations 1989
1
(the Memorandum) is intended to help dutyholders meet the
requirements of the Regulations. This guidance supplements the Memorandum with
further advice on safe working practices. Where regulation numbers are given in
Figures 1–5, these refer to the EAW Regulations. There is also an Approved Code
of Practice covering the use of electricity at mines that provides additional guidance
relevant to mining.
2
Other legislation can also apply to electrical work and some of
this is listed in the ‘References’ or ‘Further reading’ sections, as are all other
publications referred to in this guidance.
Definitions
3 Unless the context otherwise requires, in this guidance the following words and
terms have meanings as given below (note: some of these terms are defined in the
EAW Regulations):
■
charged:
the item has acquired a charge either because it is live or because it
■
■
■
■
has become charged by other means such as by static or induction charging,
or has retained or regained a charge due to capacitance effects even though it
may be disconnected from the rest of the system;
dead:
not electrically ‘live’ or ‘charged’;
designated competent person (also known in some industries as
‘authorised person’ and ‘senior authorised person’):
a competent person
appointed by the employer, preferably in writing, to undertake certain specific
responsibilities and duties, which may include the issue and/or receipt of safety
documents such as permits-to-work. The person must be competent by way of
training, qualifications and/or experience and knowledge of the system to be
worked on;
disconnected:
equipment (or a part of an electrical system) that is not
connected to any source of electrical energy;
equipment:
electrical equipment including anything used, intended to be used
or installed for use, to generate, provide, transmit, transform, rectify, convert,
conduct, distribute, control, store, measure or use electrical energy (as defined
in the EAW Regulations);
Page 4 of 33
Electricity at work: Safe working practices
Health and Safety
Executive
■
high voltage:
a voltage in excess of 1000 V ac or 1500 V dc. Voltages below
these values are ‘low voltage’;
■
isolated:
equipment (or part of an electrical system) which is disconnected and
separated by a safe distance (the isolating gap) from all sources of electrical
energy in such a way that the disconnection is secure, ie it cannot be
re-energised accidentally or inadvertently;
■
live:
equipment that is at a voltage by being connected to a source of
electricity. Live parts that are uninsulated and exposed so that they can be
touched either directly or indirectly by a conducting object are hazardous if the
voltage exceeds 50 V ac or 120 V dc in dry conditions – see BSI publication PD
6519
3
– and/or if the fault energy level is high;
■
live work:
work on or near conductors that are accessible and ‘live’ or
‘charged’. Live work includes live testing, such as using a test instrument to
measure voltage on a live power distribution or control system.
Electricity at work: Safe working practices
Page 5 of 33

Plik z chomika:

Inne pliki z tego folderu:

Inne foldery tego chomika:

Zgłoś jeśli naruszono regulamin