CS174_Lecture2(1).pdf

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Lecture 2

Gene discovery

The Central Dogma

Transcription

•

RNA polymerase

is the enzyme that builds

an RNA strand from a gene

• RNA that is transcribed from a gene is

called

messenger RNA (mRNA)

RNA

• RNA is like DNA except:

– backbone is a little different

– usually single stranded

– the base uracil (U) is used in place of thymine

(T)

• A strand of RNA can be thought of as a

string composed of the four letters: A, C,

The Genetic Code

64 combinations: 20 amino acids + stop codon