DBS.pdf

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Dielectric-Bias System
July 2008
2621 White Road
Irvine CA 92614 USA
Tel 949 585 0111
Fax 949 585 0333
www.audioquest.com
AudioQuest Dielectric Bias System (DBS)
The patented Dielectric Bias System (US Pat 7,126,055) is a simple,
elegant solution to one of cable’s most vexing performance challenges.
A highly misunderstood area of cable performance is the subject of ca-
ble run-in, sometimes (inaccurately) referred to as “break-in.” “Break-in”
properly applies to one-way mechanical phenomena, such as a motor
or a loudspeaker surround. Cables and capacitors do not “break-in”,
rather their “dielectric forms,” meaning that it takes time for the dielectric
material to adapt to a charged state.
This process is quite audible and explains the significant improvement
heard in electronics, loudspeakers and cables as signal is applied over
a period of time. It has long been noted that cables (and all audio com-
ponents) sound better after having been left turned-on for a number
of days. It has also been noted that once turned off, the component or
cable slowly returns to its original uncharged state. For many music lov-
ers, this means that they are almost never hearing their cables in their
optimum state.
AudioQuest’s founder and chief designer, William Low, explains the Di-
electric-Bias System: “DBS puts all of a cable’s dielectric into a com-
paratively high voltage DC field ... continuously from the time the cable
is terminated. The exceptionally simple design uses a wire down the
middle of the cable, which is simply an extension of a battery’s anode.
This wire is attached to negative (-) of a DBS battery pack, and nothing
else. It is not in the signal path and has no interaction with the signal.
Depending on the model of interconnect (analog or digital) or speaker
cable, an existing foil “shield” is used as the DBS anode by connecting
it to positive (+) of the DBS battery pack. The negative side of a bat-
tery is nothing; it’s just an empty reservoir. Again, there is no interaction
with signal flow and no extra connections are introduced into the signal
path.”
The benefit of maintaining a bias on the dielectric at a substantially high-
er voltage than is ever achieved through normal use is dramatic. Even
a cable, which has the loudest music or pink noise continually traveling
through it, never has a fully formed dielectric.
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DBS and Phase Distortion
The insulation on a conductor is in the path of a signal‘s magnetic field. A
perfect cable would conduct at the speed of light. As this is not possible,
specifications for high bandwidth cables commonly include a number
for “propagation delay.“ The specification is a percentage of the speed
of light.
Audio does not have a problem with propagation delay. In fact, almost
no signals have a problem due to propagation delay … the specification
is an acknowledgment that the insulation is acting as a dielectric and is
interfering with the signal transfer.
One might think of the absence of propagation delay as dropping a
coin through air. If a coin is dropped through water, there is a delay, if
dropped in a barrel of oil, much more delay. The problem with insulation
on an audio conductor is that the signal’s magnetic field is slowed down
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by the insulation (dielectric). The amount of delay is different for each
frequency and for each amplitude.
The AudioQuest Dielectric Bias System significantly reduces non-lin-
ear phase errors two ways. 1) By keeping a constant electrostatic field
on the insulation material, the molecules of the material are polarized,
greatly reducing the misbehavior. 2) By saturating the material, the in-
sulation cannot absorb new energy and therefore cannot release that
energy delayed in time.
One of the facts of audio life, whether turning on a turned-off piece of
electronics, or when AudioQuest assembles a new DBS cable is that it
takes about two weeks before getting most of the benefit. It takes time
for the “dielectric to form.“ Evaluating the effectiveness of the DBS sys-
tem requires a cable with its DBS system disconnected for two weeks
to be compared with a cable that has had its DBS system attached for
two weeks.
“I hope when you have the opportunity to experience AudioQuest DBS
cables, that your response will be the same as mine when I put the first
prototype in my system; “Ahhh, thank you!”
William E. Low
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