Fungi and Slime Molds of Howard County MD by Robert Solem & Joanne Solem v2 (2011).pdf

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Fungi and Slime Molds of Howard
County, MD
Robert and Joanne Solem
This is NOT a guide
to
edible fungi.
References to poisonous species do not
imply the safety of species not labeled.
The authors assume no responsibility for
misuse of this information.
Version one produced March 2010. Version two, March 2011.
In cooperation with the Howard County Bird Club,
a chapter of the Maryland Ornithological Society.
This publication uses the preferred scientific names in
Index Fungorum,
which may not be the ones used in currently published guides.
(Index
Fungorum
is the accepted authority.)
To be sure of the correct English or scientific name,
use the
Index
( page
405
)
Based on Howard County field observations,
supplemented with a variety of copyright material
Solem:
odenata@msn.com
Cover photo: Orange Jelly (Dacrymyces
palmatus),
High Ridge Park,
R Solem
.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents ............................................................... 2
Introduction ... …………………………………………………2
Layout ................................................................................. 3
Acknowledgments… ………………………………………….3
Photographers .................................................................... 3
Gilled Fungi......................................................................... 4
Fleshy Pore Fungi........................................................... 206
Polypores ........................................................................ 242
Others ............................................................................. 311
Slime Molds .................................................................... 387
Appendices .................................................................... 402
References.............................................................. 402
Glossary................................................................. 403
Locations................................................................. 404
Index ............................................................................... 405
Introduction
The material in this guide pertains solely to Howard County, a small, rapidly-
urbanizing central Maryland county. Most of the land lies within the Piedmont;
only the narrow section east of I-95 is in the Coastal Plain. Oak/hickory/beech
forests predominate with extensive native pines only in the easternmost area.
Planted blocks of conifers are found along the two reservoirs.
Maps and more detailed information about any of the public sites referred to can
be found in the site guides in the on-line publication
Birding Howard County,
Maryland.
Fungi identification is notoriously complex. This handbook undoubtedly contains
unintentional errors. Corrections will continue to be made in future revisions.
Species names are those shown in
Index Fungorum.
Use of recent
nomenclature may mean the scientific names are not identical to those in books.
Previously used scientific names are shown under Synonyms. If there is a
reasonable possibility that there is more than one similar species, the scientific
name is followed by the phrase “[cluster],” “[complex],” or '[group]." Many species
do not have widely used common names; others have multiple names. The most
widely used one (or two) have been included.
Identifications (unless otherwise indicated) are based on macro characteristics
only. Some species names are followed by the phrase “[or near]” when we were
not confident of identification based on macro characteristics alone. In such
cases, it is an indication that the species shown is the most likely, based on
range. Species that have been identified by microscopic examination of spores
(by R Orr) are so indicated.
2
Acknowledgments
Each species appears on one page (photos in left column and
description in right).
Color of rectangle in cell to right shows form of
Fruiting Body:
Gilled
Pores
Polypores
Other
Slime molds
Common Name
[Common
Name
2]
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
Family [or Class]
Layout
Latin Name
A
S
O
--- -++ ++-
N
D
Of the many people who have provided assistance with this project,
some deserve special mention. Ricahrd Orr and Grazina McClure have
been enjoyable companions on numerous outings. Richard’s assistance
with identifications and his generosity in sharing photographs have
greatly enhanced the scope and appearance of this guide; his
microscopic examination of selected spores has made some
identifications possible. Grazina’s sharp eyes and keen observational
skills have been essential in the field; she has also assisted with many
identfifications. Skilled photographers Wes and Sue Earp have brought
enthusiasm, an intense interest in natural history, and a ready wit to
outings.
At the risk of omitting someone, we would also like to express our
gratitude to the many individuals who shared photographs, provided
property access, gave valuable advice, and/or spent time in the field with
us. They include Jeff Culler, Ward Ebert, Kevin Heffernan, Emy
Holdridge, Kathie Lillie, Nancy Magnusson, Mike McClure, Helen
Metzman, Sue Muller, Paul Noell, Bonnie Ott, Kurt Schwarz, Jay
Sheppard, Chuck Stirrat, Kate Tufts, June Tveekrem, Martha and Don
Waugh, and Michele Wright.
We are grateful to Howard County Department of Recreation and Parks
for access to parks and open space.
— B&JS
Phenogram:
(above) shows fruiting times. Each month (J, F, …) is divided into
three 10-day periods. A hyphen (-) indicates a date from references; a plus (+)
indicates a date from Howard County records.
ID:
Short summary of chacacteristics helpful (or unique) in
identifying the species shown. Only distinctive information is
included here.
Habitat:
Substrate and other preferences.
Cap/Fertile Body:
Diameter of cap in inches and metric. Measurement in the
text body is thickness of flesh of cap/fertile body, expressed as millimeters or
ratio to thickness of gills/pores/fertile surface.
Gills/ Pores/Fertile Surface:
Measurement in the text body is thickness of
gills/pores/fertile surface, expressed as millimeters or ratio to cap/fertile body
flesh.
Spores:
Color.
Italics
mean authors have obtained a spore print.
Stalk:
First measurement is length, second is diameter.
Frequency:
Uncommon
– recorded from 1 or 2 county sites;
Occasional
3-5;
Fairly common
6-9;
Common
10-14;
Very common
15+.
Locations:
Five letter location. See page 404.
Notes:
Clarifying material.
Synonyms:
Latin name(s) by which the species has been identified historically.
References:
Bar. BBF. Bin. BRB. Kae. Kuo. Lin. M&M. McK. Myx. Pac.
Phi. Rog. Roo. Rus.
See “References” on page 402 for expansion of trigraphs. Kuo and Rog are
websites. Entries for the other references are followed by page numbers for text,
then the page number (or plate number) of the picture if it is not on the same
page as the text.
Photographers
J Culler – Jeff Culler
S Earp - Sue Earp
W Earp – Wes Earp
K Lillie – Katharine Lillie
N Magnusson – Nancy Magnusson
H Metzman – Helen Metzman
S Muller – Sue Muller
R Orr – Richard Orr
B Ott – Bonnie Ott
K Schwarz – Kurt Schwarz
J Solem – Joanne Solem
R Solem – Robert Solem
J Tveekrem – June Tveekrem
Photographs,
with identifying information, left side of each page.
Complete names of photographers are shown on page 3, lower right.
3
GENERA IN ALPHABETIC ORDER
(as they appear in the guide)
Agaricus
Agrocybe
Amanita
Ampulloclitocybe
Armillaria
Baeospora
Callistosporium
Cantharellus
Catathelasma
Cheimonophyllum
Chlorophyllum
Chrysomphalina
Clitocybe
Collybia
Conocybe
Coprinellus
Coprinopsis
Coprinus
Cortinarius
Craterellus
Crepidotus
Cystoderma
Entoloma
Flammulina
Galerina
Gymnopus
Gymnopilus
Hebeloma
Hohenbuehelia
Humidicutis
Hygrocybe
Hygrophorus
Hygrophoropsis
Hypholoma
Inocybe
Kuehneromyces
Laccaria
Lacrymaria
Lactarius
Lentinellus
Lentinus
Lepiota
Lepista
Leucoagaricus
Leocopaxillus
Lyophyllum
Macrolepiota
Marasmiellus
Marasmius
Megacollybia
Melanoleuca
Mycena
Neolentinus
Nolanea
Omphalotus
Panaeolus
Panellus
Panaeolina
Parasola
Paxillus
Pholiota
Phylloporus
Phyllotopsis
Pleurotus
Plicaturopsis
Pluteus
Psathyrella
Psilocybe
Resupinatus
Rhodocollybia
Russula
Schizophyllum
Stropharia
Tapinella
Tricholoma
Tricholomopsis
Tubaria
Xeromphalina
Xerula
Gilled Fungi
4
Meadow Mushroom
Agaricus bisporus
Meadow Mushroom
Agaricus bisporus
Agaricaceae
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
J
F
M
A
--- -++ ++-
ID:
Cap white/gray; smooth; convex (nearly flat in age). Stalk
white; ring usually collapses.
Habitat:
Scattered or groups/clusters/fairy rings. Grassy areas (but
not in forests).
Cap:
1.5-2.8” [4-7 cm]
White to gray/gray-brown. Dry. Smooth. Convex (nearly flat in age).
Margin inrolled when young, may show veil remnants on margin. Flesh
white, firm (ages/stains pink/brown).
Gills:
Pinky brown to bright pink (dark brown in age). Free/attached to
collar. Crowded. Secondary gills.
Spores:
Dark brown/black.
Stalk:
1 - 2.4” [4 – 8 cm]
White. Smooth. Usually cylindrical or tapers down; ring usually collapses.
No volva. Flesh white. Stuffed.
Frequency:
Occasional.
TOP: Schooley Mill Park, 9/13/2009,
J Solem.
SIDE: Guilford Park, 10/19/2009, J
Solem.
RING and GILLS: Guilford Park, 10/19/2009,
J Solem.
GILLS: Guilford Park, 10/19/2009,
J Solem.
Locations:
GUIPK
,
RIVHL
,
RKBRP
,
SLMLP
,
WESRP.
Synonyms:
A. campestris. Psalliota campestris.
References:
Bar 193. Lae 160. M&M 283. McK 256, 31.
Phi 219. Roo 47. Rus 55, 16. Kuo.
5

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