The Frontiers of China by Francis Watson (1966).pdf

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T H E
FRONTIERS
OF
CHINA
BY
FRANCIS
WATSON
FREDERICK
A.
PRAEGER,
Publishers
New
York
Washington
BOOKS
T H A T M A T T E R
Published in the United States of America in 1966
by Frederick A. Praeger, Inc., Publishers
111 Fourth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10003
All
rights reserved
0
1966 by Francis Watson
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 66-12989
Printed in the United States of America
CONTENTS
1
Communism
or
Imperialism?
T H E SHAPE OF CHINA
CONSEQUENCES O F COMMUNISM
Page
9
9
I4
I
6
TRADITIONAL
ATTITUDES
ASPECTS O F FRONTIER-POLICY
AN
'9
24
I
840
BASELINE?
-
FRONTIERS AND SEMI-FRONTIERS
27
31
I1
The
Northern
Marches
in
History
EMPIRES I N CONTACT
T H E CENTRAL ASIAN AREA
T H E MONGOLIAN AREA
T H E MANCHURIAN AREA
I11
T h e
Question
of
Tibet
CAPACITY T O NEGOTIATE
T H E TIBET-CHINA
BOUNDARIES
54
54
T H E PARTITION OF TIBET
56
59
62
62
65
IV
A
New
China
on
the Frontiers:
1950-3
T H E YALU RIVER:
FRONTIER?
HIMALAYA A N D KARAKORAM
F R O M T H E SALWEEN T O T H E SEA
WARNINGS I N BURMA AND INDIA
FRONTIER O R SEMI-
75
79
83
83
87
93
I 0 0
V
The
Bandung
Phase:
I
954-9
FRONTIERS
A N D T H E
FIVE PRINCIPLES
BANDUNG AND ITS AFTERMATH
INDIA,
LINE
LALIAKH A N D T H E A K S A I C H I N
BURMA AND T H E MCMAHON
CONTENTS
T H E
ROOTS OF
DISPUTE
MOTIVES O F CHINESE POLICY
I
06
I I0
1
14
I
VI
Effects
of the
Tibet Crisis:
I
959-60
T H E POLITICAL CLIMATE
I4
T H E
POLITICAL
CHALLENGE
I
16
PEKING
WIDENS
THE
DISPUTE
PROPOSALS A N D COUNTER-PROPOSALS
118
122
VI
I
Frontier
Fence-mending
:
I
959-6
T H E
SETTLEMENT
'BUFFER-ZONES'
I
WITH
BURMA
126
126
I N CHINESE
POLICY
NEGOTIATING W I T H NEPAL
AFGHANISTAN AND PAKISTAN
130
'3'
1 3 ~
141
SIKKIM, BHUTAN
A N D T H E
'FIVE
FINGERS'
VIII
The
Politics
of
Invasion
and
Withdrawal
T H E UNDECLARED WAR W I T H I N D I A
T I M I N G A N D OBJECTIVES
T H E ISOLATION OF INDIA
T H E COLOMBO RECOMMENDATIONS
OTHER
CHINESE SETTLEMENTS
I45
145
I
so
'53
'57
161
IX
Sino-Soviet
Border-Tensions
T H E ILLUSION O F STABILITY
TROUBLE I N SINKIANG
169
169
I
70
B E H I N D
T H E
MONGOLIAN SETTLEMENT
T H E NORTH-EASTERN
ZONE
173
1 7 ~
I
78
MATTERS O F PRINCIPLE
T H E SOVIET A N D T H E I N D I A N
QUESTIONS
182
X
Frontiers
in
a
New
Era
A NUCLEAR POSTURE
MAPS UNDER REVISION
185
CONTENTS
NEW LOOK A T T H E NORTH-EAST
INDO-CHINA
AS A F R O N T I E R - Z O N E
T H E PRIVILEGE OF PACIFICATION
THE KASHMIR SYNDROME
STALEMATE I N T H E S O U T H
T H E PROBLEM OF DISAFFECTION
PRAGMATISM A N D PATIENCE
Bibliography
Index
MAPS
China and her Neighbours
2. Mongolian Area
3.
Manchurian Area
4.
Tibet
5.
Sino-Indian Frontier: Eastern Sector
6 .
Sino-Indian Frontier: Western Sector
7.
South- East Asia
8.
Central Asian Area
I.
page
I
o
42
47
57
94
101
I
27
'7'

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