Pharmacological Classification of Drugs.pdf

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CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS
with Doses and Preparations
Pharmacological
Pharmacological
CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS
with Doses and Preparations
FIFTH EDITION
Ex-Director-Professor and Head of Pharmacology
Maulana Azad Medical College and associated
LN and GB Pant Hospitals, New Delhi
KD Tripathi
MD
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Pharmacological Classification of Drugs with Doses and Preparations
J
.P. Medical Ltd
First Edition: 1986, Second Edition: 1990, Third Edition: 2006, Fourth Edition: 2010,
Fifth Edition:
2014
ISBN 978-93-5152-108-2
Printed at
Preface
A systematized listing of drugs according to their primary actions, mechanisms, chemical nature, clinical uses and/or other
relevant characteristics is the first step to learn about them. The mental exercise to prescribe a drug for a patient starts with
identifying the class of drugs to be prescribed and then selecting the specific member most appropriate for that patient
according to its subclass/group/individual characteristic. For example, the first thing one decides is whether an analgesic
or an antihypertensive or an antibiotic is to be prescribed; then proceeds to consider which type of analgesic (opioid/
nonopioid), or antihypertensive (β blocker/ACE inhibitor, etc.), or antibiotic (β-lactam/fluoroquinolone, etc.) is required
and then which specific member is most suitable. On the other hand, every drug is known by its class and subclass, e.g.
furosemide is a high-ceiling diuretic, glibenclamide is a sulfonylurea antidiabetic. As such, drug classifications are pivotal
to pharmacology students and highly valuable to prescribing doctors. The phenomenal increase in the number of drugs
in recent years has further underscored the need for drug classifications.
Drug classifications have been criticised for being arbitrary and imperfect because of nonuniform criteria that have often to be
adopted and frequent lack of watertight distinctions among drug groups/subgroups. Nevertheless, basing on pharmacological
differences and applying practical criteria, meaningful drug classifications can be devised. Though, any drug has multiple
actions/properties, it can be designated by the most outstanding one. For example, labelling atenolol as a cardioselective
β
blocker summarises its actions, uses, etc. This booklet has adopted such a pragmatic approach and presented classifications
of drugs that have been well accepted. The outstanding feature of the present edition is reformating of the classifications
in the form of eye-catching charts. These charts create pictorial images and help memorizing. All classifications have been
updated, modified where necessary and newer drugs have been included, particularly those marketed recently.
To be useful to medical/pharmacy students as well as to practitioners, the doses (including pediatric doses wherever
relevant), frequency and route(s) of administration along with leading brand names of drugs and different types of
dosage forms (oral, parenteral, topical, etc.) are listed distinctively after each class of drugs. Thus, essential prescribing

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