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ODROID
If you like the ODROID-U2,
you’ll love our new ODROID
Linux chroot on Android • Real life SD card performance test
U3
Magazine
hardkernel’s new weapon
for developing on ARM
HARDKERNEL
EXYNOS-4412 Prime
ODROID U3
And it is amazing!
RPi vs U3
We show you how
they stand against
each other
Ubuntu 13.10
Install and troubleshooting
(the easy way)
• Meet an Odroidian
Justin Lee, CEO of Hardkernel
• Linux Gaming
• Real-Time Mobile Eye Tracking
• Introduction to the HTML5
Video Player
• Use C/C++/Python/Java and IDE to:
Hack your hardware and control LEDs
• Start programming right away!
• High Performance
Computing with multiple ODROIDs
EDITORIAL
A
service to the world-wide ODROID and Open Source communities,
Hardkernel is proud to present its newest contribution to ARM technology:
ODROID Magazine, a free monthly PDF e-zine!
This cutting-edge online publication brings you the latest ODROID news, as well
as featured articles from the expert community that has grown around the amazing
ODROID family of micro-powerhouse computers.
Intended for all levels of expertise from beginner to guru, ODROID Magazine
features definitive guides for new owners, with easy-to-follow steps in setting up your
ODROID, installing operating systems and software, and troubleshooting common
issues. For more technical users, each month will feature expert tips, hacker discus-
sions, cutting-edge projects, and technical articles to explore new ways of making
your ODROID even more versatile.
Hardkernel’s ODROID Magazine is an ideal opportunity for our community to
come together to share and contribute articles, so that everyone can be successful
with their ODROID.
Each month, a series of article topics will be posted for consideration, and all
community members are encouraged to send submissions in exchange for monthly
rewards for those selected for publication.
The best articles are those that walk the reader through complex concepts and
procedures in a simple-to-read format. At least one picture or graphic per article is
required, and should be between 500-2000 words.
Interested in being hired as an ODROID Magazine staff member? Then send
a PM to @odroid, @mdrjr and/or @robroy on the ODROID forums, and we will
contact you with further details. There will be a small monthly compensation for
those who wish to contribute each month to the design and production of the e-
zine, including translations and proofreading. It would certainly be beneficial for
any IT resume to be a published, active contributor to one of the most resourceful
communities in the ARM world!
ODROID
Magazine
Rob Roy, Chief Editor
Bo Lechnowsky, Editor
Bruno Doiche, Art Editor
I am a computer programmer living
and working in Silicon Valley, CA,
USA, designing and building websites
such as Vevo, Hi5, Dolby Laboratories
and Hyundai. My primary languages
are jQuery, Angular JS and HTML5/
CSS3. I also develop pre-built operat-
ing systems, custom kernels and opti-
mized applications for the ODROID
platform based on Hardkernel’s official
releases, for which I have won several
Monthly Forum Awards. I currently
have 8 ODROIDs, which I use for a
variety of purposes, including media
center, web server, application develop-
ment workstation, and gaming console.
I am President of Respectech, Inc., a
technology consultancy in Ukiah, CA,
USA that I founded in 2001. From my
background in electronics and com-
puter programming, I manage a team
of technologists, plus develop custom
solutions for companies ranging from
small businesses to worldwide corpora-
tions. ODROIDs are one of the weap-
ons in my arsenal for tackling these
projects. My favorite development
languages are Rebol and Red, both of
which run fabulously on ARM-based
systems like the ODROID-U2. I have
deep experience with many unique op-
erating systems.
I’m just some random guy!
ODROID Magazine, published monthly at http://
magazine.odroid.com, is your source for all things
ODROIDian. Explore the new technologies of-
fered by Hardkernel at http://www.hardkernel.com
Hard Kernel, Ltd.
704 Anyang K-Center, Gwanyang, Dongan, Anyang, Gyeo-
nggi, South Korea, 431-815
Makers of the ODROID family of quad-core development
boards and the world’s first ARM big.LITTLE architecture
based single board computer.
Join the worldwide Hard Kernel community with members
from over 135 countries at http://forum.odroid.com.
ODROID MAGAZINE 3
ODROID MAGAZINE 3
GETTING STARTED
WITH THE ODROID-U3
A typical ODROID-U3 setup. A 21-inch monitor
is connected to the HDMI port, and the key-
board, mouse, WiFi and USB camera are con-
nected to 3 USB ports.
H
ave you been waiting to up-
grade your system because
of the high prices of PC and
Mac computers? Looking for a second
computer for family, work or college use?
Hardkernel’s family of low-cost, power-
ful ARM devices is now even more af-
fordable with the introduction of the
powerful U3, specially priced at US$59.
With a credit-card-sized footprint
and low cost, the ODROID-U3 is some-
times viewed as a hobbyist computer.
However, its performance, software and
ease of use make it an excellent replace-
ment for a high-cost PC, running both
Android and Linux with thousands of
free and low-cost titles available. The
ODROID-U3 also offers many advan-
tages over a typical Windows or OSX
computer, such as silent operation, 5W
average power usage, and instant porta-
bility, since it fits in a shirt pocket.
ODROID MAGAZINE 4
The processor is an Exynos4412
1.7GHz Quad-core from Samsung with
2GB RAM. The size of this computer is
only 83 x 48 mm with weight of 48g.
Unlike a PC, the ODROID-U3 has
the motherboard, memory, sound card
and even heat sink pre-assembled. In-
stead of using an expensive hard disk
like a PC, it runs the operating system
from a low-cost, micro-sized solid state
SD card, like a digital camera. An SD
card, as well as the faster eMMC module,
can be pre-ordered with the ODROID-
U3, and arrives with the popular Ubun-
tu operating system already installed.
Insert the SD card into the reader, con-
nect a monitor, a keyboard, a mouse, Eth-
ernet and power cable, and press the power
button. That’s all you need to do to use
the ODROID-U3! Browse the web, play
games, run office programs, edit photos,
develop software, and watch videos right
away. If you have the eMMC module, lay it
onto the square area marked on the moth-
erboard, and clip it into the board.
An efficient heatsink is standard on the
ODROID-U3, which attaches to the CPU
with fins to dissipate heat without a fan.
Let’s play (and work) together!
The ODROID-U3 is suitable for any-
one from professional software engineers
building Kinect-drive robotics projects to
kids learning to program with the Scratch
language. Run the latest Ubuntu 13.10
and Android Jellybean operating systems
for programming, learning, gaming, me-
dia center, web server, office/college
work, hardware IO platform and many
other applications. The powerful 1.7Ghz
quad-core processor, low cost, energy ef-
ficient features and massive software li-
brary make the ODROID-U3 the perfect
modern computer for work or play.
GETTING STARTED WITH THE U3
A Tour of the Board
Let’s start with a quick tour of what
you’re looking at when you take it out of
the box. It’s similar to your typical PC
with various additional features.
A The Processor.
At the heart of the
ODROID-U3 is the same processor that
is used in a Samsung Galaxy S3 smart-
phone. This area contains a quad-core
1.7GHz system on a chip, which is built
on the ARM Cortex-A9 architecture. It
has 2GB of RAM stacked on the CPU.
B. The Micro Secure Digital (MicroSD)
Card slot.
There are two different ways
of storage for operating system. One is
using a MicroSD Card and another is
using an eMMC module. It is normally
used for external storage for smart-
phones and digital cameras.
C. The eMMC Module socket.
The
eMMC storage access time is 3-4 times
faster than the SD card. There are 3 op-
tions of 8GB, 16GB and 64GB. Using an
eMMC module will increase speed and re-
sponsiveness, similar to the way in which
upgrading to a Solid State Drive (SSD) in
a typical PC also improves performance
over a mechanical hard drive (HDD).
D. The Power Jack.
This is for 5 volt
power input, with an inner diameter of
0.8mm, and an outer diameter of 2.5mm.
The ODROID-U3 consumes less than
1A in most cases, but it can climb to 2A
if many non-powered USB peripherals
are attached directly to the main board.
E. The USB port.
There are three USB
2.0 host ports. You can plug a keyboard,
mouse, WiFi adapter, or many other
devices into these ports. You can also
charge your smartphone via this port. If
you need more than 3 ports, you can use
a powered external hub if you have a pe-
ripheral that needs more power.
F. The Power button.
You can turn on
and off the ODROID-U3 with this but-
ton. Once you press this button to turn
off, you will see a dialog box on screen
to confirm the power-off request.
The four status LEDs
POWER
ALIVE
ETHERNET
Red
Blue
Green
Yellow
Hooked up to 5V/2A power
Dim light : Boot-loader is running
Solid light : Kernel is loaded
Flashing : Kernel is running (heart beat)
Network activity light
On if the network connection is 100Mbps
G. HDMI connector.
To minimize the size
of the board we used the Type-D micro-
HDMI connector. The HDMI output
supports 720p and 1080p display.
H. Ethernet port.
The standard RJ45 Eth-
ernet port for LAN connection supports
10 or 100Mbps speed. WiFi connectivity
via a USB dongle is another option.
I. Status LEDs.
The ODROID-U3 has
four indicator LEDs that provide visual
feedback (see Table above).
J. Analog Audio.
This is a standard 3.5mm
analog audio jack. The jack has 4 poles to
support a mono microphone input via
the headset for Android smartphones.
K. Micro USB Connector.
This is the
standard Micro USB device-only con-
nector. You can use it with Linux Gadget
drivers with your host PC, which means
that the resources in the ODROID-U3
can be shared with typical PCs. It cannot
be used for power input.
L. General Purpose Input and Output
(GPIO).
These can be used for IRQ/
I2C/UART for electronics and robot-
ics. The IOs can be expanded for many
more PWM/ADC/GPIO ports.
M. Serial terminal Port.
Connecting to a
PC gives access to the Linux console. You
can see the log of the boot, or to log in to
the U3 to change the video or network set-
tings. Note that this serial UART uses a 1.8
volt interface. We recommend the USB-
UART module kit from Hardkernel.
N. PWM Output for Cooling Fan.
If you run U3 in a room with high am-
bient temperature, a low-profile cooling
fan might be helpful. The PWM output
increases/decreases the speed of fan
proportionally to the CPU temperature.
O. RTC (Real time clock) Backup Bat-
tery Connector.
If you want to add a RTC
function for logs or keeping time when of-
fline, just connect a backup battery. RTC is
implemented on ODROID-U3.
ODROID MAGAZINE 5

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