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AUGUST
1984
VOL.9,
NO.
8
53.50
IN
UNITED
STATES
54.25
IN
CANADA
/
£2.10
IN
U.K.
A
McGRAW-HILL PUBLICATION
0360-5280
THE
SMALL
SYSTEM,_
URNAL
MODULA-2
FEATURES:
Framework Preview
The
65816
FORTH-83
Benchmarking
UNIX
Systems
REVIEWS:
Macintosh
PCjr
Sanyo MBC-550
Juki
6100
Printer
Four
Logos
531,?!-,
110
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aint,
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Files
i
Apple$orks files
Disk volume
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I
/SAN
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Nord Processes
Nord Processor
Snake?.
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available
Type
of
file
Size
has
Date
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ae
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Size
Taxes
n
Class
ate
Data
j4
xs
/
/011
1111
an
10-57 p.
11,57 pa
Base
Interest Accus.
Spreadsheet
11K
2/
6/84
;
r.19.::
row
to
oase
1
es,
e
row
o
un
o_
a1
L
Announcing
a
small
imp
Its
12
"x
111ti
"x
210
Because
it's
inherited
all
the talents
A
built -in
half
high
143K
single
-
It
weighs
less
than
8
I)oun(Is''
of
the
eminently
talented
Apple Ile:
The versatility
to
mtm
over
10,000
different
software programs.
The ironclad
reliability of
the
fist
true
VLSI
motherboard.
And the
artistic
ability of
16
high-
resolution
colors.
The
lac
also
has
some
talents
of
its
very
own.
For instance,
a
switchable
80/40-
sided
disk
(hive.
than
$1
i00'ß.
Yet
with
128K,
the
new
Apple'
lic
Per-
sonal
Computer
is
a
lot
bigger than
it looks.
And
COSts
less
71e
Ile
lye
rt
/itll.k.:r
kohrxnrl
Built
-in
serial ports for
modems.
printers and
an
extra
half-high
drive.
Even
built-in
mousetronics
so
its
.
!1
--_
-
ready to
use
a
mouse
and
all
the
new
Apple
II
mouseware.
And
our
newest
not
an
orphan.
character
You
can
grow
it
71än,Rcna
it? Emu
ttrlbilehrtill
in
Switchable
disk
Mitt,.
with
a
whole family
of
QWERTY
/Dvorak keboald.
Apple
II
accessories
and peripherals.
,
_.+
brainchild
is
certainly
www.americanradiohistory.com
tIM /rive
1
SWIM
ti
lIs
Ms
4:s*
117"
/lllfi
i.
the
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7
r
fs,
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t
1
lori
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.,
t
=a
-ur,
n:
fir-41
rovement
on
the
Apple
11e.
Including the
newApple
Scribe-
Apple's
pages
of anything
you'd
like to
remember.
In fact,
you
can
grow
it
with enough
fist
full
-color
print
-on-
anything printer
And
the
Apple
IIe is
still
the
most
cards and peripherals
to
run
just about
any
family business.
Like
Saudi
Arabia.
for
under
$300, it
can
handle anything
expandable personal
computer
there
is.
from business
graphics
to term
papers.
So you see,
the only question
JIIII1IIIIII.Ilnnnnunnnnun11,
IIIIIIIIIIII_
is
whether
you
need
an
expandable
The
IIc's
father,
of
course,
is
the
'
granddaddy
of
the whole personal com-
Apple
II.
As
in
IIe.
puter
industry,
the
Apple
Ile.Which,
lest
Or
a
compact
Apple
II.
As
in
IIc.
we
forget,
has
quite a
few
improvements
Just
visit
your friendly
authorized
Built
iu
/W)
ts.kirmakinga//IiI
lig/)!connectiollc
of
its
own
this
year.
Apple
dealer.
The
Ile
can now
use
our
ProFile'M
And
tell
then
what
size
You
can
increase
its
RAM
to
an
elephan-
improvement
you'd
like.
hard
disk
-so
it
can
store
about
2400
tine
512K.
Add
a
Z
-80
card
to
run
CP
/M7
.-.-
Ilk
Ile
CPU
alone
utt.&
75 /xuuuLe
the /xxrnrpad. siouilor
an
eVrr
Min,.
a
printer
and
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as all gelo,d?
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Retail
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fin
an
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',env!Ixxr.
call
(800)
In Canada.
call
(800)
268-77.96
or
(800)
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5389696
CONTENTS
FEATURES
INTRODUCTION
FRAMEWORK
by
Rik
Jadrnicek, John
Markof,
and
Ezra
Shapiro
f,
A
team of
BYTE
editors previews
an
integrated software
package
that combines familiar
features within
a
novel structure.
119
121
THE
65816
MICROPROCESSOR,
PART
I:
SOFTWARE
by
Steven
R
Hendrix
This two -part series begins
with
a
look
at
software considerations
for
an
8-
116
-bit
successor to the 6502.
CIARCIA'S CIRCUIT CELLAR: CIRCUIT CELLAR FEEDBACK
by
Steve
Ciarcia
Steve takes
a
break from hardware design to answer
project
-related queries
from
readers.
BENCHMARKING
UNIX
SYSTEMS
by
David
F.
Hinnant
Several
microcomputer
UNIX
implementations
are
compared to
minicomputer
versions of
the
operating
system.
125
129
132
FORTH
-83:
EVOLUTION CONTINUES
by
C.
Kevin
McCabe
137
A
new
standard corrects
some problems.
but
FORTH
is
still
a
language
in
flux.
THEME: MODULA
2
INTRODUCTION
HISTORY
AND GOALS
OF
MODULA
-2
by
Niklaus Wirth
The
creator
of
Pascal
and
Modula
-2
writes
on
the
modulés coming
of
age.
143
145
TUTORIAL
ON
MODULA
-2
by Jurg
Gut knecht
The
concept of autonomous
modules
is
fundamental to this structured
programming
language.
157
LILITH
AND
MODULA
-2
by
Richard
Ohran
The
director
of the Modula
Research
Institute offers
of
high
-level-
language
processor design.
181
a
case
study
AN
INTRODUCTION
TO
MODULA
-2
by
Robert
J.
Paul
195
An
exploration of
the
differences
in
control
structure, expressions, and
general
syntax between
Modula
-2
and
Pascal
puts the
new
language
in
perspective.
PASCAL, ADA,
AND
MODULA
-2
by
David
Coar
A
system
programmer compares
the
three
languages.
215
REVIEWS
REVIEWERS
NOTEBOOK
F.
THE
MACINTOSH
by
Bruce
Webster
its
237
238
design
Apple's
new system,
while not perfect, comes
a
long
way
toward achieving
goals
of
being nonthreatening, quickly
learned. easy
to
use,
and
fun.
THE
IBM
PCJR
by
Rowland
Archer
Jr.
254
270
First
impressions
are
favorable.
but
a
closer look
reveals some
problems.
THE
SANYO
MBC
-550
by Bill
Sudbrink
This
inexpensive
MS -DOS system
is
IBM
compatible.
errE
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published monthly
with
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1
2
BYTE
AUGUST
1984
COVER PAINTING
BY
ROBERT
TINNEY
eV
August
VOLUME
9.
NUMBER
8,
1984
FOUR LOGOS
FOR
THE
IBM
PC
by
Mark
Bridger
Several new
Logo packages
offer turtle
graphics
of
varying
quality
on the IBM Personal
Computer.
287
305
308
PRINTER by G.
Michael
Vose
Iuki Industries'
fully formed
character
printer
isn't
fast
but
it's inexpensive.
REVIEW
FEEDBACK
Readers
respond
to
previous
reviews.
THE
JUKI
6100
KERNEL
INTRODUCTION
COMPUTING AT CHAOS
MANOR:
BETWEEN CONVENTIONS
by
Jerry
Pournelle
In a
hectic schedule.
terry
finds time for
a
Mac attack and more
colorful
commentary
on the
computing
scene.
311
313
CHAOS
MANOR
MAIL
Jerry's
readers write. and
he
replies.
334
William M.
Raike
BYTE
JAPAN:
PASOCOM PAGODAS
by
339
Ml
-5500,
Our
man
in
lbkyo
comments
on
a
software shortage,
the Sharp
the Fujitsu
FM-II.
and
more.
BYTE
WEST
COAST.
MACINTOSH'S OTHER
by
John
Markoff
and
Ezra
Shapiro
DESIGNERS
347
361
Three
original designers
discuss the
earliest
days.
BYTE
U.K.:
MICROPROCESSOR
DESIGN by
Dick Pountain
BYTE's
British
correspondent
looks at the Transputer and
its
special
language, Occam
EDITORIAL:
WHAT MAKES
PERSONAL COMPUTERS
SPECIAL?
MICROBYTES
LETTERS
FIXES AND UPDATES
6
9
14
WHAT'S NEW
ASK
BYTE
CLUBS
AND
NEWSLETTERS
33
44,
431
BOOK
REVIEWS
54
67
73
EVENT QUEUE
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BYTES
ONGOING MONITOR
Box BOMB
READER
SERVICE
RESULTS
94
424
428
477
478
479
Address
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SECTION ART
BY
IVAN POWELL
AUGUST
1984
BYTE
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