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Volume3
Issue
35
CONTENTS
Air-to-air
Missiles
MatraR530
MatraSuperRS30
682
682
683
685
685
686
687
3845
Printed
in
Great Britain
byTneA:.|isar
r:ess
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iishing Ltd
to
WAR MACHINE
Binders.
MatraRSS0Ma$c
Rafael
Shafril
and
Python
Consultant
Editor:
Major
General
Sir
Jeremy Moore
KCB OBE
MC, Comman-
der
of
British
Land
Forces
during
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Falklands campaign.
Armscor
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TIGA
i
&flr-fe=ffiflr
The nzodem
air-to-air
missile
ftas
almost eomBletely
reptraeed
the
grun
for interception
and
far
close-in dogtfrghting.
Even the
smallest nations
naw
arnn
thefu
frghter
aircraft
with
simple
sltort-xange
missiles,
often
earlier-generatian
missiles
rryithout head-on
caBahility or new-teehnologty
seeJce,rs.
ffiflssflEes
The story of the
modern
arr-to-air missile
(AAM) with
its
own onboard
gutdance
unit
started
in the West in the
late
I940s
with
systems
that
were
developed
specifically
to
destroy large bomber-size targets.
By
the late
l95Os
and
early
1960s
the missiles
had evolved into two distinct
classes:
small
short-range
infra'red
(lR)
quided
types for
close-range
air combat,
and
the large
semi-active
radar homing
(SARH)
types for
long-range
:rLgiagements,
The Vietnam War produced single-shot krll probabilrtres
:l
0.09
for the
SARH
Sparrow and
0.
18
for the
IR
Sidewinder
missiles
Ihrs
proved to the
Americans ihat
ihe
tactical theory
they
had
de-
','eloped along wrth the missiles for
air{o-air
combat
had vastly
overestr-
::ated
mrssile effectrveness,
especially in the
context
of
the
low-1evel
:cinbats
against small and
nimble fighter-size targets,
So
the
Americans
and
therefore NATO)
had both to rethrnk tactlcs and to
deveiop new
::rssiies or modify old
ones to take account of
the
lessons learnt,
In
the
meantime Israel
had gone her own way and
produceC very
hrqth
<.ll
ratios agalnst
the Arabs dunng the
many
air
battles fought rn the
l'irddle
East,
progressively applying the
iessons
learnt
to
begrn
the
ie.relopment
of
her own
IR-guided dog'flght missile, the Shafrlr,
at the
-:an'ie
trme
relegating
the
radar-guided
missile
to
special
engagements,
:.i
the
1982
Faiklands war
the
UK
had
at
least
appeared
to
digest
most
of
:re
lessons
of
the
previous air wars,
and
rn
a
moment
of
brilliant
inspira-
.,:n
the Ministry of
Defence
ordered
the
part-equipment
of
the
Royal
l',avy's
BAe
Sea
Harrrers (already
on
their way
south)
wtth
the
American
-1lM-9L Sidewinder lR-guided missile,
These missiles,
coupled wrth
the
:xcellent
arr
combat training of the Fleet
Air
Arm
prlots,
ensured
an
An unusual'pilot's-eye
view'
of
an
AIM-7F
Sparrow
streaking
away
from
a
McDonnell
Douglas
F-
i
5
Eagle. The Sparrow's
powerful
racket
motor
will
accelerate the mtssjle
lo
around
four
times
the
speed
of
sound,
and
in
action
the
enemy
pilotmight
never
see
theweapon
thatkills
him.
incredibly
high
srngie-shot
kill
railo
against
Argentine aircralt, The
i9B2
tally
of
aircraft lost
to
AAMs was incredsed
to
over
lO0
when the Israeli
air
force decimated
the
Syrian
air force in
a
number
of
air
battles
over
Lebanon
during
the
tnvasion
of the
southern
part
of ihat country by
lsrael,
Shafrirs, Sidewinders,
the new
Python and a
limited number
of
Sparrows
were
used
to inflict the malority
of
Arab
air
losses.
However,
as
the Amencan
systems are
now getttng
lonE in the tooth,
new
systems
for
both
short-
and long-range
engaEements
are under
development
with
the
designations ASRAAI\{
and AMRAAM
respec-
tively
Meanwhile
the
Soviets
had
in
their own
inimitable
manner gone therr
own
way, following
a
logical deveiopment
proQrramme
for
each
AAM
type
deployed
and
maiching
the
type
to
indrvrdual aircraft models.
Like
the NATO allies the
Sovrets
are
also
developing
new
systems
and, it
rs
believed,
usrng
Western technology from compromised mlssiles to
do
so.
\Vhat
is
readlly
apparent, however,
is
that
the qualitative advantage
once enjoyed
by
the
West
has
now
gone.
direct
hit
by
a
modern air-ta-air
missile.
Here
Phantom
unmanned target
drone
erupts in
a
ball
atfire
after
being
hit
during
a
missile
tesf. Eyen
a
nearmr'ssis
enough
to
destroy
anaircraft,
as
most
modern
missiles
have
proximity
fuses.
a
QF-4
The
almost
inevitable result
of a
,*xinr
W
Matra
R530
Development
of the
Matra
R530
began
ir
1957,
and the
missile
is
slill
in
sewice
today after having been produced in
both
IR
and semi-active radar
homingr
(SARH)
variants, The
R530
is
normally
carried
on Dassault-Bregmet
Mirage
III
and
F,1 rnterceptors, although
the
French
navy uses
the type on
its
Vought F-BE(FN) Crusaders.
Approx-
rmately
4,400
were produced,
and the
system
has
been
sold
to
14
countries,
It
has
seen
combat
with
the
Argentine,
Iraqi, Israeli and
Pakrstani
air
forces,
but
its success
rate
is not
beheved
to
have
been high.
In
the IR type
the
hominq
contains the SAT
Type
AD3501
all-aspect
(including
head-on) seeker,
whiist
the
alternate
SARH
version
uses
an
EMD Type AD26 seeker
gnrided
by
the
Cyrano series radars
of
the
Mirage
family, A slightly
different
SARH
seek-
er
is
used on
the French
navy mrssiles,
which
have to
be compatible wlth
the
each
missile type
is
carried
to
improve
the hit
probability,
although it
is possi-
ble
for the head to
be
exchanged
at
squadron level
to
meet
the
operational
The
Matra
R530
is an
all-weather mksile available with either semi-active
radar homing
or
infra-red
gruidance
heads.
Although
it
is
claimed to
have
all-aspect
capability,
it
has
not
been
outstandingly
successful
in combat,
and
is
no
longer
in
production.
Hotchkiss
BTandVSNPE
Antoinette
or
a
Specification
Rs30
(SARH)
Specification
Rs30
(rR)
higher-performance
SNPE Madelain
dual-thrust
solid-propellant
rocket
motor, and
cruciform
delta
wings
and
tail
fins
are used for
flight
control. The
R530
is
cwrently
used
by
Arcrentina,
Australia, Brazil, Colombia,
Egypt,
Crusader's
radar.
Normally one
of
France (air
force
and navy),
iraq,
Jor-
dan,
Pakistan, South
Afrlca,
Spain,
requirements, Propulsion
is
by either
a
Venezuela
and one other. Israel
and
Lebanon no
longer operate the
R530.
Dimensions: length
3,284
m
(i0
ft
9,3
in);
span
1,103 m (3 ft 7.4
in);
body
diameter
0,263
m
(
10.35
in)
Launchweight:
192
kg
(423,3
lb)
Performance: speed Mach
2.7;
range
lB
lcn
(11.2
miles)
Warhead:
27-kg
(59,
5-lb) continuous-
rod
or
pre-fragmented
HE
with
impact, delay
and
proxrmity
fuses
Dimensions: lenqth
3.
198
m
(10
ft
5,9
in);
span
1,
103
m
(3 ft 7,4
in);
body
drameter
0.263
m
(10.35
in)
Launchweight:
193.5
kg
(426,6
]b)
Performance: speed Mach
2.7;
range
lB
hn(l1,2miles)
Warhead:
27-kg
(59,
5Jb) continuous-
rod
or
pre-fraqmented
HE
with
impact, delay
and
proximity
fuses
fI
ffir"SuperR53o
Essentially
a
development
of
the
Matra
R530,
the
Matra
Super
R530
started
life
rn
1971
to
meet the
higher
speed- and
altitude-performance requirements of
the new
Qfeneration
of
French inter-
vrce
in
l98O
and
uses an
EMD
Super
AD26 semi-active
radar
homing head
with
Matra
autopilot
and proportional
ceptors.
The Super
R530F
entered ser-
navigation system matched
to
the
Breguet
Mirage
F.
f
,
it
can
be
used
to
engaqe targets
either
above or
below
the launch
platform by vertical separa-
Cyrano
IV
radar of
the
Dassault-
TheMatraSuperRS30
is
adevelopedversionoftheRS30. Ithasincreased range, speedand
manoeuvrability
comparedwiththeearlierweapon.TheSuperRS30
is
already in
sewicewithFrench
airforceMirageF.I
squadrons, and
export orders
have been
received.
tions
of up
to
7000m
(22,965ft) or
3000
cific
impulse
capability
than previous
motors produced
by
the
company.
Flight control
is
exercrsed by four cru-
ciform tail
fins and four
very low aspect
body
wings
fitted
midway along
the
mrssile's lengrth,
The missile
body
is
17000
m
(55,775
ft)
it
can
pull up
to
20
m
(29,530
ft)
in the latest version.
The latter is
an
improved model,
the
Super
R530D,
ll.th
a
modified
seeker
head matched to the RDVRDM radars
:arried
by
the
Dassault-Bregmet
Mir-
age
2000
family,
Semce
entry
date
for
rhe
Super
R530D
is
expected
to
be
.986. To
power
the
mrssiles
Thomson-
Brandt
developed the Angdle rocket
notor with a
dual-composition
solid
propellant
that
has a
much hiqher spe-
s
during
an interception.
At
least
l0
countdes have now
placed orders for
the Super
R530F,
these bernq France
Kuwait,
Libya,
Morocco,
Iraq
and five
unspecified
countries.
The Dassault
Mirage
2000
will
be the
com
bat
aircr
aft
of the
French air force
from
the
mid
I
980s.
constructed from steel and
steel
use
of
a
ceramic radome
housingt,
allows
the
Super
R53O
to
withstand
speeds
of up to
Mach
4.6
and
man-
oeuwes of
up to
6
g
at an altih;de of
25000m
(82,020ft);
at
altitudes
pp
to'
honeycomb and this, coupled
with
the
AMatraSuperRS30
is
fired from
a
French air
forceMirage
F.l.
This
combination
seems
likely
to
become
a
familiar
sight,
since
most
Mirage
F.
1
operators
have
ordered
the
primary
This
development aircratt
is
carrying
two Super
R530
missiles
inboard and
SuperRi3? and
the
missilemay
already
have
seen
action in
the
Gulf
War,
carried
by
Iraqi Mirages.
twoMatraRSSl Magics
outboard-
a
deadly combination.
!'.llaira
Siu;3
er
3?.5
il
0
i
ee nl
i--:
L"le
r,1)
Spee
iflcali:o''l
.,iJll;,ri-,e
n530r
Dimensions:leng.-ih3
54
m(11ft7
/:1
Ln);
span
0.9
m
(2
ft
1
I
,1
Ln);
body drameier
0 263
ir
(10 35
in)
itaunrh weight:
250
kq
(551
lb)
Fe::feryna,nqe:
speed rrach 4.6
rangie
R530F 35
km (2i.75
mrles), and
Ftl130D
50
60km(31-373miies)
ttiiarhead: HF iraEme
ntatiorr
rivrth
radar
proximity
fuse
arid
'rrerghing
irore
rhan
30
kg
(66
lb)
Slrt-.r+..1r
i?S,!il
can
"be
"sei+"n
Irrc'err
l.-he
l.r",r,rigr
u"dl'r-l.iFrcr'r*li
L
J-laEe
--
.
,rr):;-,
tti
"..'t.!..:;:j{1t.ti:;:
:,
c-aryinr:
olr ffie
n'rngJrp Jauncfi
r'a.d-
!
ihe
Su,pe.r.
J?5J0
tr':,:s,{:e:"r orrr"Je"cedby
lt':or.e i.han
J
0
iiairtrr;s.
ili.i*u,r,
ttSi5to
i\til-l.e,iir";
Developed by
lViaira as a
direct
ccm-
petitor to the
US Ailv.l-g
lhem and
by
18
other countrtes
The
lt/iagrc
has
been
cleared. for use on
the
Il\I
Daqger
the
Dassault Breql.ret
l4rr
ag'e
.LII 5
and
l-
I
the Voriqht
F-8
Cru
A,hesve:
F,,.
Dassawlt
Mirage
2000
Sider,nrLnder
1968
the
Matra
R55[]
lViagie beqran d,eveiop
ment as
a
company
pro;eci
rn
earries
en
r'mpressjye
,load
of
bambs
a;:cifueJ
fanlrs
and
a
pair
af
Matra
RSSA
Magic
trR-haming
air-ta-air
primary
combat
aircra{t
cf 'k=
French air farce
fram
the
mic
:
i:
mrssj/es.
The
Mirage
20Aa
rt-.:
=
;
.:
recer-.rirrg
official
sanctron vra
a
l'renci-r
air
mrnrslry contract
Ln
ihe
iollovtring
year. The
flrst lully
guldeci round
,'rras
launched
on
11
January
1972
lrom
a
Gloster Meteor durrng
a
test
launch
agaLnst
a CT-20
drone target.
Further
lt.is
--
1,
lftt^
-noJo..j.
manoeuvring
talqtets untrl
ihe
missile
r,vas
accepted.
lnto
servrce
Ln
1975
Since
tiren both the French
navy
ai'id
arr force
have accepted
ihe
rnissrle
into
thelr
rnventorles
and.
more
tiran
7
OO0
mrssrles
have
been
oldered
ibr
TJr
e
lllia
gir.rs
s
ire.s-ged
fo.r
n
i
s
jl {te
u
t
:?'e,s
$li
ilp
f aJ
;jll
g,
;,:.r:
oi
ea.n,be
j1erd.oi.r
ea,Ed,bd:dy.ri,is
a.n
eJlcefjue
and
vl.r'eJeJlr-useeej
ia'eapoll.
Jeunc..iedfr.um an
a.i;cref!:n
a
{igi
fu;"rr.
dff,houg.h
fllc
l.{agrr.r:i"rfli
i
J;:ci*;

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