Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty - His Life Times and Legacy by Victor Cunrui Xiong (2006).pdf

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SUNY Series in Chinese Philosophy and Culture
Roger
T.
Ames, editor
Emperor
Yang
of the Sui
Dynasty
His Life, Times, and Legacy
Victor Cunrui Xiong
State University of New York Press
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Contents
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©
2006 State University of New York
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Xiong, Victor Cunrui.
Emperor Yang of the Sui dynasty: his life, times, and legacy / Victor Cunrui Xiong.
p. cm.-(SUNY series in Chinese philosophy and culture)
ISBN 0-7914-6587-X (hardcover: alk. paper)
1.
Sui Yangdi, Emperor of China, 569-618. 2. China-History-Sui dynasty,
581-618. 3. China-Kings and rulers-Biography.
I.
Title.
II.
Series.
DS749.29.S85X56 2005
951'.016'092-dc22
2004027813
ISBN-13: 978-0-7914-6587-5 (hardcover:
alk.
paper)
10
9
8 7 6 5 4
3 2
1
Weights and Measures
Dynastic Powers of the Han-Tang Period
Acknowledgments
Part
I.
From Prince to S(}vereign
Introduction
1. The Making of a Crown Prince
2. Yangdi and His Reign
3. The Collapse of the Sui
Part II. Yangdi and His Empire
4. Luoyang and the Grand Canal
5. The Palace Network
6. The Bureaucracy
7. The Educational, Ritual and Legal Institutions
8. Religions
9. Economic Order
10. Foreign Policy
11. Epilogue
Appendix 1
Appendix 2
Chronology of Sui Yangdi
(569-618)
Notes
Bibliography
Index
ix
xi
xiii
1
3
9
29
51
73
75
95
107
123
143
173
197
221
235
249
253
263
307
327
v
Maps and Tables
MAPS
1.1 China in 572
1.2 The conquest of Chen, 589. (Mter Wang Zhongluo
1988-1990,6.)
2.1 Key places visited by Yangdi on his 607 tour.
(Based on Tan Qixiang 1982-1987, vol. 5,17-18)
3.1 Late Sui rebellion. (Based on Wang Zhongluo 1988-1990,
89)
4.1 Sui Luoyang
4.2 Sui Daxingcheng
4.3 The Grand Canal. (Based on Ma Zhenglin 1986, 2;
Balazs 1953,212)
4.4 Sui Tongji Canal (the Si River route). (After Liu Xiwei
1986,170)
4.5 Han Conduit. (Mter Pan Yong 1987)
5.1 Major palaces under Sui Yangdi
5.2 Schematic Map of the Sui Western Park. (Mter
HNZ
"Sui Shanglin Xiyuan tu," 199)
5.3 Yangzhou in Tang Times. (After Jiang Zhongyi 1990,37)
8.1 Religious institutions of Daxingcheng
10.1 Sui China and its neighbors, 612
10.2 Sui China and the Western Regions
10.3 Sui China and the Korean Peninsula
10
15
40
52
80
83
87
88
91
96
99
103
158
198
205
215
,
vii
V1li
Maps and Tables
TABLES
8.1 Louguan patriarchs, to Early Tang
8.2 Patriarchs of the Shangqing school, from inception to Tang
8.3 Meritorious works for Buddhism under Wendi (W)
and Yangdi (Y)
8.4 Buddhist monasteries in Daxingcheng abolished by Yangdi
9.1 Laborers used for major public works projects under Yangdi
(604-618)
146
149
160
169
187
Length
Weights and Measures
Sui
Tang
post-607
2.355 em
23.55 em
1.413 m
2.355 m
4.71 m
9.42 m
11.78 m
0.509 km
3.11 em
31.1 em
1.555 m
3.11 m
6.22m
12.44 m
15.55 m
0.56 km
Appendix 1 Tables
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Key central government offices under the Sui and Early Tang
Garrison commands and guards under the Sui
Chief ministers under Wendi (581-604)
Chief ministerial appointments under Wendi
De facto chief ministerial appointments under Wendi
Presidents of the Six Boards under Wendi (581-604)
Chief ministers under Yangdi (604-618)
De facto chief ministerial appointments under Yangdi
Presidents of the Six Boards under Yangdi (604-618)
236
238
239
241
242
243
245
247
248
1 cuni" =
lOcun=lchiR
5 chi
=
1
bu:iJ;;
(Tang)
6 chi
=
1
bu
(Sui)
10
chi
=
1
zhang:J:..
2 zhang
=
1
duan'
F.t
4 zhang
=
1
pi
Jf.
5 zhang
=
1
duan
~
360 bu
=
1
li.!l!.
(2160
chi)
1 Ii
(1800
chI)
I
pre-607
2.951 em
29.51 em
1.7706 m
2.951 m
5.902 m
11.8 m
14.76 m
0.637km
Area
Appendix 2 Tables
1 The two
Maoyue
campaigns under the Sui
2 Populations: late sixth to early seventh centuries
250
251
pre-607
1 mu
~
100 mu
Sui
post-607
479.17 m
2
47,917m
2
Tang
=
1 square
bu
x 240
=
1
qing
lJi
752.4 m
2
75,240 m
2
580.33 m
2
58,033 m
2
Capacity
Sui
pre-607
1 sheng7J- =
10 sheng
=
1
dou
4
10 dou
=
1
shi/hu Elf4\!
Tang
post-607
198.1 ml
1.9811
19.811
594.4ml
5.9441
59.441
594.4 ml
5.9441
59.441
ix
x
Weights and Measures
Weight
Sui
pre-607
post-607
Tang
Dynastic Powers in the Han-Tang Period
37.3 g
596.82g
1
liang
Jfl
16 liang
=
1
jin
IT
=
41.76g
668.19 g
13.92g
222.73g
Sources: Wu Chengluo 1937,64-98; Liang Fangzilong 1980,542-46.
Western Han (206
Be-AD
8)
Xin (AD
9-23)
Eastern Han
(AD
25-220)
Three Kingdoms (220-280)
Wei, Shu, and Wu
Six Dynasties (229-589)
Wu, Eastern Jin, Liu-Song,
Qi,
Liang, and Chen
WesternJin (265-316)
EasternJin (317-420)
Southern and Northern Dynasties (420-589)
Southern Dynasties
Northern Dynasties
Liu-Song (420-479)
Northern Wei (386-534)
Q!
(479-502)
Eastern Wei (534-550)
Liang (502-557)
Western Wei (535-556)
Later Liang (555-587)
Northern
Q!
(550-577)
Chen (557-589)
Northern Zhou (557-581)
xi

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