Arc Welding Control - P. Jiluan.pdf

(7500 KB) Pobierz
Arc welding
control
Pan Jiluan
Cambridge England
Published by Woodhead Publishing Limited, Abington Hall, Abington
Cambridge CB1 6AH, England
www.woodhead-publishing.com
Published in North America by CRC Press LLC, 2000 Corporate Blvd, NW
Boca Raton FL 33431, USA
First published 2003, Woodhead Publishing Limited and CRC Press LLC
© 2003, Woodhead Publishing Ltd
The author has asserted his moral rights.
This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded
sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated.
Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but
the author and the publishers cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all
materials. Neither the author nor the publishers, nor anyone else associated with
this publication, shall be liable for any loss, damage or liability directly or
indirectly caused or alleged to be caused by this book.
Neither this book nor any part may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilming
and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without permis-
sion in writing from the publishers.
The consent of Woodhead Publishing Limited and CRC Press does not extend
to copying for general distribution, for promotion, for creating new works, or for
resale. Specific permission must be obtained in writing from Woodhead Publishing
Limited or CRC Press for such copying.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered
trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation, without intent to
infringe.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
Woodhead Publishing ISBN 1 85573 687 X
CRC Press ISBN 0-8493-1772-X
CRC Press order number: WP1772
Typeset by SNP Best-set Typesetter Ltd., Hong Kong
Printed by TJ International, Cornwall, England
Contents
Preface
List of symbols
ix
xii
Part I
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
Dynamic behaviour of arc welding
Theoretical analysis
Introduction
Welding with constant wire-feed rate
Welding with regulated wire-feed rate
Welding with both regulated wire-feed rate and
self-regulation
Dynamic characteristics of power sources
Status of research
Description of dynamic characteristics
Transfer functions of power sources
Measurement of the transfer function
Influence of the transfer function on technological
properties
Summary
Experimental study
Introduction
CO
2
welding
DC MIG welding
Pulsed MIG welding
Summary
3
3
4
12
15
19
19
25
26
41
48
50
52
52
53
68
75
81
v
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
vi
Part II
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
6
6.1
6.2
Part III
7
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
8
8.1
8.2
8.3
9
9.1
9.2
9.3
Contents
Welding arc control
Control method QH-ARC 101
Status of research on welding arc control
Principle of control method QH-ARC 101
Realisation of double-step characteristic
Circuit for alternating between two double-step output
characteristics
Static accuracy and dynamic characteristics
Circuit diagram of the power source
Technological behaviour
Control method QH-ARC 102 and 103
Introduction
Control method QH-ARC 102
Control method QH-ARC 103
Mathematical analysis of arc operating-point movement
Closed-loop control of weld penetration
Arc control of CO
2
welding and AC MIG welding
CO
2
welding
AC MIG welding
Arc sensors and seam tracking
Sensors for weld-seam tracking
Status of research and development
Status of the application of arc sensors in industry
Principles of seam tracking with arc sensors
Scanning arc-welding torches
Mathematical models of arc sensors
Introduction
Static model
Dynamic model
Processing of arc-sensor signals
Introduction
Signal processing of an ideal welding arc
Analysis of signal characteristics
235
235
240
243
248
261
261
261
271
296
296
296
313
85
85
88
92
100
103
115
117
126
126
129
134
148
168
179
179
194
Contents
9.4
9.5
10
10.1
10.2
10.3
Filtering of signals
Signal processing in a practical welding process
An automatic seam-tracking machine with
an arc sensor
Introduction
Conventional automatic seam-tracking machine
Crawling type of tractor
vii
327
343
360
360
360
374
Part IV Real time measurement of welding
temperature-field
11
11.1
11.2
12
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4
12.5
12.6
12.7
12.8
13
13.1
13.2
13.3
13.4
13.5
13.6
13.7
13.8
14
14.1
14.2
Principles of the colorimetric imaging method
Introduction
Fundamentals of the colorimetric imaging method
Study of the colorimetric imaging method
Introduction
Facilities for acquisition of the infrared image
Sensor for experimental use
The colorimetric imaging system
Calibration of the system using a mathematical method
Experimental results and verification
Calibration procedure
Effects of measurement conditions
Design of a colorimetric imaging apparatus
Introduction
Formation of the thermal-radiation image
Theoretical analysis of the colorimetric imaging method
Division of the temperature field
Wavelength of the filter
Design of the sensor
Effects of measuring conditions
Calibration of the system
Practical measurement and application
Experimental apparatus
Measurement of the welding temperature field
411
411
417
429
429
429
432
435
439
440
444
445
450
450
450
453
457
462
470
477
484
488
488
488

Plik z chomika:

Inne pliki z tego folderu:

Inne foldery tego chomika:

Zgłoś jeśli naruszono regulamin